Removal of obstacles
Ganesha is Vighneshvara or Vighnaraja or Vighnaharta (Marathi), the Lord of Obstacles, both of a material and
spiritual order. He is popularly worshipped as a remover of obstacles,
though traditionally he also places obstacles in the path of those who need to
be checked. Paul Courtright says that "his task in the divine scheme of
things, his dharma, is to place
and remove obstacles. It is his particular territory, the reason for his
creation."
Krishan notes that some of Ganesha's names reflect shadings of
multiple roles that have evolved over time, Dhavalikar ascribes the quick
ascension of Ganesha in the Hindu pantheon, and the emergence of the Ganapatyas,
to this shift in emphasis from vighnakartā (obstacle-creator)
to vighnahartā (obstacle-averter). However, both
functions continue to be vital to his character.
Buddhi (Knowledge)
Ganesha is considered to be the Lord of letters and
learning. In Sanskrit, the word buddhi is a feminine noun
that is variously translated as intelligence, wisdom, or intellect. The
concept of buddhi is closely associated with the personality of Ganesha,
especially in the Puranic period, when many stories stress his cleverness and
love of intelligence. One of Ganesha's names in the Ganesha Purana and
the Ganesha Sahasranama is Buddhipriya. This
name also appears in a list of 21 names at the end of the Ganesha
Sahasranama that Ganesha says are especially important. The
word priya can mean "fond of, and in a marital
context it can mean "lover" or "husband", so the name
may mean either "Fond of Intelligence" or "Buddhi's
Husband".
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